霍华德·格里芬是一名记者和种族问题专家。出版后,他成为民权运动的主要倡导者运动,促进了对种族情况的认识并通过立法机关。1960年出版时,他已是中年,住在德克萨斯州的曼斯菲尔德。他渴望知道南方的白人是否是针对深度南部的黑人人群的种族主义者,或者如果他们真正根据个人的个性判断了人们,因为他们说他们促使他越过色线并像我一样写黑色。由于白色和非洲裔美国比赛之间的沟通并不存在,因此任何比赛都不知道对方的样子。由于这一点,格里芬感受了知道真相成为一个黑人,穿过南方的唯一途径。他的旅行由国际分布的黑人杂志乌贼属融资,以换取从成品中打印摘录的权利。深深在南部三周后,作为一个黑人霍华德格里芬制作了一个188页的日记,他的过渡到了他的过渡到黑人种族,他的旅行和南方的经历,转变为白社,以及他所知道的那些反应在他的经验之前,这本书发表并发布了。约翰霍华德格里芬于1959年10月28日开始作为一个白人的白人,成为一个黑人(在11月的帮助下)7.他通过他的联系人进入新奥尔良的黑人社会,这是一个鞋子闪耀的男孩他在药物治疗前的日子里遇到了全部效果。 Griffin stayed with Sterling at the shine stand for a few days to become assimilated into the society and to learn more about the attitude and mindset of the common black man. After one week of trying to find work other than menial labor, he left to travel throughout the Southern states of Mississippi, Alabama, and Texas. November 14, the day he decided to leave, was the day after the Mississippi jury refused to indict or consider the evidence in the Mack Parker kidnap-lynch murder case. He decided to go into the heart of Mississippi, the Southern state most feared by blacks of that time, just to see if it really did have the “wonderful relationship” with their Negroes that they said they did. What he found in Hattiesburg was tension in the state so apparent and thick that it scared him to death. One of the reasons for this could be attributed to the Parker case decision because the trial took place not far from Hattiesburg. He knew it was a threat to his life if he remained because he was not a true Negro and did not know the proper way to conduct himself in the present situation. Griffin requested that one of his friends help him leave the state as soon as possible. P.D. East, Griffin’s friend, was more than willing to help his friend out of the dangerous situation that he had gotten himself into and back to New Orleans. From New Orleans, traveled to Biloxi, Mississippi and began hitch hiking toward Mobile, Alabama. Griffin found that men would not pick him up in the day nearly as often as they would at night. One of the reasons being that the darkness of night is a protection of sorts and the white men would let their defenses down. Also, they would not have to be afraid of someone they knew seeing them with a Negro in their car. But the main reason was of the stereotypes many of these men had of Negroes, that they were more sexually active, knew more about sex, had larger genitalia, and fewer morals and therefore would discuss these things with them. Many of the whites that offered Griffin rides would become angry and let him out when he would not discuss his sex life with them. One man was amazed to find a Negro who spoke intelligently and tried to explain the fallacies behind the stereotypes and what the problem with Negro society was.

许多黑人在南部遇到的旅程中遇到的是非常善良,并向他打开了他们的心和家园。这个例子是格里芬问一个老年人,他可能会发现住宿,那个男人和他一起分享自己的床。另一个例子是当格里芬在移动和蒙哥马利之间的某个地方搁浅时,一个黑人在他家里提供住宿时。这个男人的家是一个两室的小屋,占着他家庭的六名成员,但他接受了约翰进入他的家,拒绝了任何困难,因为麻烦说“他带来的比他所采取的更多”。在蒙哥马利,阿拉巴马州,格里芬决定是时候让他重新进入白人社会,但他也希望获得该地区作为一个黑人的知识。因此,他设计了覆盖区域作为黑色的技术,然后将第二天作为白色返回。他所发现的是,作为一个黑人,他会从白人那里收到“仇恨盯”,并被黑人社区的每一个礼貌都对待。

作为一个白色,这将是确切的对面,他会从黑人那里得到“仇恨盯”,并被同一个人奇妙对待谁鄙视他前一天。在整个彩色线路曲折的曲折之后,格里芬决定他的日志中有足够的材料,以创造一本书和足够的经验作为一个黑人,所以他永久地恢复了白人社会。越过白世界令人厌倦,令人不安,如果只是因为他被同一个人对待以前由于他的着色沉着而鄙视他的方式。突然行走进入任何建立的能力,而不是被拒绝的服务也是一个震惊,以便在前几天寻找公共场所。回到他家乡曼斯菲尔德之后,德克萨斯格里芬并没有被广泛接受,他曾经认识过。这座城市的许多居民都是种族主义者,因此他们认为他是“扼杀者”之一。这位种族主义者甚至走到了一天早上从镇上的停车光线悬挂中的乐趣。这促使他和他的家人离开该地区,直到局面大幅平静下来。格里芬被各种电视和无线电主机以及杂志和报摊进行了采访,在本书公开之后。他的主要目标是教育公众南方的局势,人们忍不住听到它。Whers与否他们接受了信息并不是达格里芬,但他尽力做出明显的信息。 This book relates to American history because it takes the reader into the Deep South before the Civil Rights Movements took hold and shows what it was like to be black. In the Preface, the author states “I could have been a Jew in Germany, a Mexican in a number of states, or a member of any ‘inferior’ group. Only the details would have differed. The story would be the same.” The details he mentioned were he being black and in the South, and the story is of hatred and racism directed toward him and others like him on account of those details. The account he related showed America and the world that race relations in the South was not the pretty picture it was painted as. Instead, he showed the daily struggle of the blacks to survive. Griffin’s bias is that white Southern Americans of that period were racist toward the African American population. The only thing altered from before he entered New Orleans to after was his appearance.

读:
Alfred Hitchcock:总监,传记,电影

他把自己的皮肤染成了深棕色,剃光了头发,他的衣服,说话的方式,而且所有的参照都没有改变问题得到了如实的回答。如果人们真的以品质和资格来评价别人,那么他在美国南方腹地的日子应该是相当平淡无奇的。相反,他每天的任务是寻找厕所设施、餐馆、商店和其他各种各样的“便利设施”,这些都是他在跨越种族界线之前利用过的。在他呆在新奥尔良期间,黑人被迫使用为他们指定的特定设施,他们通常很少。除了灰狗车站或其他允许黑人进入的公共建筑外,没有任何设施可以与白人使用的设施相媲美。他现在的黑皮肤也使他不能进任何商店买饮料,他只能去找一家黑人咖啡馆。这些咖啡馆并不像那些最低等的白人可以买到饮料的地方那么多。他的肤色也使他除了卑微的劳动之外无法获得任何工作,尽管如果他是白人,他的资格可以很容易地为他找到任何职位。”。我走向布伦南餐厅,新奥尔良的一家著名餐厅… I stopped to study the menu . . . realizing that a few days earlier I could have gone in an ordered anything on the menu. But now, though I was the same person with the same appetite . . . appreciation . . . and wallet, no power on earth could get me inside this place for a meal. I recalled hearing some Negro say, ‘You can live here all your life, but you’ll never get inside one of the great restaurants except as a kitchen boy.'” The above passage represents just one of many instances where he was barred from entering an establishment solely based on his pigmentation. As stated before, Negroes were not permitted to enter many restaurants, but libraries, museums, concert halls, and other culturally enhancing places were also barred to him even though there was no formal law against them entering. The many stereotypes of blacks being intellectually inferior just made it easier to deny them access because they did not have the mental capacities to appreciate it. It became apparent to Griffin that because the black population was widely uneducated, they would never be able to succeed in life. One of the things inhibiting their education was the inferior quality of schools and the inability to enter establishments such as libraries and museums. The whites, usually knew this and used it to their advantage to keep the black population subordinate. Black Like Me John Howard Griffin was a journalist and a specialist on race issues. After publication, he became a leading advocate in the Civil Rights Movement and did much to promote awareness of the racial situations and pass legislature. He was middle aged and living in Mansfield, Texas at the time of publication in 1960.

他渴望知道南方的白人是否是针对深度南部的黑人人群的种族主义者,或者如果他们真正根据个人的个性判断了人们,因为他们说他们促使他越过色线并像我一样写黑色。由于白色和非洲裔美国比赛之间的沟通并不存在,因此任何比赛都不知道对方的样子。由于这一点,格里芬感受了知道真相成为一个黑人,穿过南方的唯一途径。他的旅行由国际分布的黑人杂志乌贼属融资,以换取从成品中打印摘录的权利。深深在南部三周后,作为一个黑人霍华德格里芬制作了一个188页的日记,他的过渡到了他的过渡到黑人种族,他的旅行和南方的经历,转变为白社,以及他所知道的那些反应在他的经验之前,这本书发表并发布了。约翰霍华德格里芬于1959年10月28日开始作为一个白人的白人,成为一个黑人(在11月的帮助下)7.他通过他的联系人进入新奥尔良的黑人社会,这是一个鞋子闪耀的男孩他在药物治疗前的日子里遇到了全部效果。格里芬在Shine State居住了几天的斯特林,融入了社会,了解有关共同的黑人的态度和心态的更多信息。在一周后试图找到除了卑微的劳动以外的工作之后,他留下了在密西西比州密西西比,阿拉巴马州和德克萨斯州的南部各国旅行。 November 14, the day he decided to leave, was the day after the Mississippi jury refused to indict or consider the evidence in the Mack Parker kidnap-lynch murder case. He decided to go into the heart of Mississippi, the Southern state most feared by blacks of that time, just to see if it really did have the “wonderful relationship” with their Negroes that they said they did. What he found in Hattiesburg was tension in the state so apparent and thick that it scared him to death. One of the reasons for this could be attributed to the Parker case decision because the trial took place not far from Hattiesburg. He knew it was a threat to his life if he remained because he was not a true Negro and did not know the proper way to conduct himself in the present situation. Griffin requested that one of his friends help him leave the state as soon as possible. P.D. East, Griffin’s friend, was more than willing to help his friend out of the dangerous situation that he had gotten himself into and back to New Orleans. From New Orleans, traveled to Biloxi, Mississippi and began hitch hiking toward Mobile, Alabama. Griffin found that men would not pick him up in the day nearly as often as they would at night. One of the reasons being that the darkness of night is a protection of sorts and the white men would let their defenses down.

此外,他们不必害怕他们知道他们在车里的黑人看到他们。但主要原因是刻板印象的许多人都有黑人,他们更具性活跃,更加关于性,有更大的生殖器,更少的道德,因此会与他们讨论这些事情。许多提供格里芬骑行的白人会生气,让他在不会与他们讨论他的性生活时。一个男人惊讶地找到一个聪明地讲的黑人,并试图解释刻板印象背后的谬论以及黑人社会的问题是什么。许多黑人在南部遇到的旅程中遇到的是非常善良,并向他打开了他们的心和家园。这个例子是格里芬问一个老年人,他可能会发现住宿,那个男人和他一起分享自己的床。另一个例子是当格里芬在移动和蒙哥马利之间的某个地方搁浅时,一个黑人在他家里提供住宿时。这个男人的家是一个两室的小屋,占着他家庭的六名成员,但他接受了约翰进入他的家,拒绝了任何困难,因为麻烦说“他带来的比他所采取的更多”。在蒙哥马利,阿拉巴马州,格里芬决定是时候让他重新进入白人社会,但他也希望获得该地区作为一个黑人的知识。因此,他设计了覆盖区域作为黑色的技术,然后将第二天作为白色返回。 What he found was, as a black he would receive the “hate stare” from whites and be treated with every courtesy by the black community. As a white, it would be the exact opposite, he would get the “hate stare” from blacks and be treated wonderfully by the same people who despised him the previous day. After a few days of zigzagging across the color line, Griffin decided that he had enough material from his journal to create a book and enough experience as a black man so he reverted permanently into white society. Crossing over into the white world was unsettling to Griffin, if only because of the way he was treated by the same people who despised him previously due to his pigmentation. The sudden ability to walk into any establishment and not be refused service was also a shock after having to search for common conveniences days before. After returning to his hometown of Mansfield, Texas Griffin was not widely accepted back into the community he once knew. Many of the residents of the city were racists, therefore they considered him one of the ‘niggers.’ The racists even went as far as to hang Griffin in effigy from the town’s stop light one morning. This prompted him and his family to leave the area until the situation considerably calmed down. Griffin was interviewed by various television and radio hosts as well as magazine and newspapermen after the book was made public. His main objective was to educate the public of the situation in the South and people couldn’t help but hear about it. Wether or not they accepted the information was not up to Griffin, but he did his best to make the knowledge available. This book relates to American history because it takes the reader into the Deep South before the Civil Rights Movements took hold and shows what it was like to be black. In the Preface, the author states “I could have been a Jew in Germany, a Mexican in a number of states, or a member of any ‘inferior’ group. Only the details would have differed. The story would be the same.” The details he mentioned were he being black and in the South, and the story is of hatred and racism directed toward him and others like him on account of those details. The account he related showed America and the world that race relations in the South was not the pretty picture it was painted as. Instead, he showed the daily struggle of the blacks to survive. Griffin’s bias is that white Southern Americans of that period were racist toward the African American population. The only thing altered from before he entered New Orleans to after was his appearance.

读:
多萝西·戴:传记与天主教工人运动

他把自己的皮肤染成深棕色,剃光了头发,他的衣服,说话方式,参考资料都没有改变,每个问题都得到了诚实的回答。如果人们真的以品质和资格来评价别人,那么他在美国南方腹地的日子应该是相当平淡无奇的。相反,他每天的任务是寻找厕所设施、餐馆、商店和其他各种各样的“便利设施”,这些都是他在跨越种族界线之前利用过的。在他呆在新奥尔良期间,黑人被迫使用为他们指定的特定设施,他们通常很少。除了灰狗车站或其他允许黑人进入的公共建筑外,没有任何设施可以与白人使用的设施相媲美。他现在的黑皮肤也使他不能进任何商店买饮料,他只能去找一家黑人咖啡馆。这些咖啡馆并不像那些最低等的白人可以买到饮料的地方那么多。他的肤色也使他除了卑微的劳动之外无法获得任何工作,尽管如果他是白人,他的资格可以很容易地为他找到任何职位。”。我走向布伦南餐厅,新奥尔良的一家著名餐厅… I stopped to study the menu . . . realizing that a few days earlier I could have gone in an ordered anything on the menu. But now, though I was the same person with the same appetite . . . appreciation . . . and wallet, no power on earth could get me inside this place for a meal. I recalled hearing some Negro say, ‘You can live here all your life, but you’ll never get inside one of the great restaurants except as a kitchen boy.'” The above passage represents just one of many instances where he was barred from entering an establishment solely based on his pigmentation. As stated before, Negroes were not permitted to enter many restaurants, but libraries, museums, concert halls, and other culturally enhancing places were also barred to him even though there was no formal law against them entering. The many stereotypes of blacks being intellectually inferior just made it easier to deny them access because they did not have the mental capacities to appreciate it. It became apparent to Griffin that because the black population was widely uneducated, they would never be able to succeed in life. One of the things inhibiting their education was the inferior quality of schools and the inability to enter establishments such as libraries and museums. The whites, usually knew this and used it to their advantage to keep the black population subordinate.

引用本文为:威廉安德森(SchoolWorkeHelper编辑组),“John Howard Griffin:传记和民权运动”学校努力,2019年,//www.chadjarvis.com/john-howard-griffin-biography-civil-rights-movement//

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